ESC-H2: Innovation Technology for Efficient Hydrogen Compression

Research team:

The ESC-H2 project is working to develop a new type of hydrogen compressor that’s quieter, more efficient, and better suited to future clean energy systems. Traditional compressors are bulky and complex, but this project is exploring a spiral-shaped design that uses electrochemical processes to compress hydrogen in a smarter way.

The ESC-H2 system operates in a similar way to a fuel cell. Hydrogen gas enters the system and is split into protons at the anode by the application of a small voltage which then move through a special membrane to the cathode side, where they recombine to form hydrogen gas again – the hydrogen is compressed by the production of a concentration gradient which requires only low energy inputs. Furthermore, the selectivity of the membrane ensures the produced hydrogen is of a high purity.

The team’s work involved testing different materials and designs to minimise hydrogen leaks, which is a major challenge due to hydrogen’s small molecular size, and creating and testing different membranes that could make the system more reliable and longer-lasting.

Computer models have shown that the spiral design can reach higher pressures faster than older designs, which is a promising sign. These insights are now helping the team move towards building a working prototype.

While there are still hurdles to overcome—like perfecting the sealing and making sure the new membranes work well under pressure—the project is on track to deliver a compressor that could make hydrogen systems more practical and affordable.

If successful, this technology could benefit companies involved in hydrogen production and supply, and help Northern Ireland lead the way in green innovation. The project also supports wider government goals around clean energy and net-zero emissions.