This CASE project explored how green hydrogen can be safely introduced into Northern Ireland’s gas network by blending it with natural gas to reduce the carbon footprint of heating and electricity generation. Led by Ulster University’s HySAFER team, and supported by Gas Networks Ireland, Mutual Energy and Phoenix Energy, the research focused on two key areas: how hydrogen behaves when it leaks from underground pipes, and how stable hydrogen flames are compared to natural gas.
The findings show that hydrogen leaks can travel further underground than natural gas, which means safety procedures and design standards will need to be updated. The study also found that adding hydrogen to natural gas doesn’t increase the risk of flame blow-out from small leaks—in fact, it may improve safety in some cases.
The team also looked at how hydrogen mixes with natural gas inside pipelines, which is essential for future commercial blending. While early results are promising, the project has also identified where more research is needed to fully understand this process.
Importantly, the project’s outcomes are already helping industry partners update their safety guidance and operational procedures. The work has also led to several peer-reviewed publications and international presentations, strengthening Northern Ireland’s reputation in hydrogen safety research.
This project is a vital step toward decarbonising the region’s energy system and supports the wider goal of transitioning to 100% hydrogen by 2050. The findings are not only relevant locally but could help shape safety standards across the global gas industry.